gaednee mobey



(Model.)

J. G. MOREY.

' DENTAL I'OOL. No. 308,424. Patented Nov. 25, 1884.

Urarrsn STATES PATENI rricE,

J. GARDNER IWIOREY,OF NEWV YORK, N. Y.

DENTAL TOOL.

SPECIFICATION forming part ofLetters Patent 1\To. 308,424, dated November 25, 1884.

Applicatiou file(l May10, 1se3. (Model.)

hereby declare the following to be a full,clear,

and exact description thereof, whieh will enable these skilled in the art te make and use the same, referenee being had to the aceompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

This invention relates.to a new and useful improvement in excavating-instruments for use in dental eperat-ions, whereby mueh valuable time is saved and more efi'eetive work is accomplished; and it eonsists, primarily,in the use of a cone-shaped exeavating 01 sera-ping instrument provided with a series of spiral ridges 0r grooves, gradually becoming smaller as they approaeh the point, and'terniinating in an elongated triangular reamer, at the extremity of whieh is a noneutting round eeneshaped point, and also in otherminor particulars,the whole being construeted and adapted t0 operate in the manner hereinafter fu1ly de seribed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l represents a side view of my improved instrument. Fig. 2 represents views of my exeavator held in different positions. Fig. 3 is an end view of the Same. Fig. 4 is an enlarged side view of my instrument; Fig. 5, a eross-seetion on the 1ne x x of Fig.4, and Fg. 6 a view of a modfication of my inven tion.

Sin1ilar letters 0f referenee indieate eorre sponding parts.

Referring to the drawings, A represents the stock er body of the exeavator, whieh is provided at its rear end with a shank, B, which may be adapted for use in any of the ordinary hand-piece attaehments of dental engines,and to that end it may-be varied in construetion in order to fit the same, and may be either provided with a groove,0, as shown in Fig. 1, er With a lip, 0, as in Fig. 6, er, if desired, the eylindrical stock 0r body A may also be provided with a cone-shaped hearing, as Ain Fig. 6, for a similar purpose. An elongated neek or stem, D, extending from the stock A,

deviation of the b0re is (preferably) smaller in diameter, and is spring-tempered, so as to readily follow any 01 pulp-canal te be seraped.

At the extremity of the neek D is placed the head Etl1e seraper proper-whieh is of a eone shape, and consists of a number of spirally-formed ridges, 1ips, 01 leaves, provided with sharp scraping-edges, between which are placed the spiral c0ncar e flutings 0r grooves E By reason of the peeuliarlyf0rmed cone-shaped head E the spiral groeves E? and leaves E grow gradually smaller, and assume a longitudinal direetion as they approaeh the point I-I (although they are still formed in identically the same manner and preserve the same relation to eaeh otl1er) until they terminate at H, at whieh point the triangular reamer extending fr0m Ht0 H is placed, which reamer terminates at H in a non-eutting round cone-shaped point.

The scrapiug-edges of the head f0rmed by the spiral grooves E and leaves E (elearly shown in Figs. 4 and 5) are adapted not only te scrape out an enlarged smooth opening in the passage 01 canal to be operated upon, but als0 to work and force the euttings'or partieles out of the bore. For this purpose I prefer f0r p raeticaluse in dental operations a seraper eonsisting of tl1ree leaves, E, and three corresponding grooves, E as shown in the drawings; leut for other purposes it may be construeted with four or more leaves and groov es '0rrned in a manner similar to those described.

It will be observed that n1y instrument, beingprovided with sliarp seraping-edges and an elougated -rean1er terminating in a non-cut ting 10und cone-shaped point, is not adapted t0 penetrate er work itself into a foreign body unless undue 0rce is applied thereto, whieh is apt t0 break the instrument as well as te defeat the object f0r whieh it is used, butis applieable s0lely for the purpose of enlarging a passage already existing, the point H an"d reamer 'r0nu H t0 II following the deviations of the eanal, and the spira1 1eaves E commeneing te serape and gradually enlarge the passage aceording to the pressure applied, only after the peint H bas penetrated s0me distanee into the nerve-eanal.

Whenever the point II of my instrument passes during a dental operationthrough the aperture at the end. of a root and pricks the membrane of the patient, the operator may no danger of boring into the bone any deeper than the cavity already existing.

Heretofore the instruments used in dental operationssuch as burrs and flat and triangular drillshwe either reamed out the cana1, in doing which they beeome clogged and have to be frequently removed for cleaning purposes, and thus several operations are re qnired to prepare one cavity, Inuch valuable time being consumed thereby, or they 118.\6 eutont ahole which, as the Operator has no means of knowing how deep he is drilling, is as liable as not to be cut right through the tooth and root. Besiclcs, the instruments named are apt to heat, clog, and, if forced, to split the tooth, whereas by my improvement the scraper penetrates steadily into the canal, making a smooth bore, which can be graduated at the wi1l of the operator, and also lifts up andds charges from the cavity the dbris as fast as it is made, not allowing it to accumulate' and obstruct the operation of the tool, thus rendering it apparent t-l1at with the use of my scraper greater rapidity and ease and certainty in dental operations will -loe gained;

\Vhat I claim is 1. In a dental instrument, the combination of a cone-shaped seraper, E, -consisting of a series of spiral leaves, E, provided with sharp scraping-edges, and grooves E, which gradually become smaller and assume a longitudinal direction as they approach the end of the head E, and are adapted to smoothly scrape out and enlarge a canal already existing, and which terminate in an elongated reamer, H H, at the extremity of whieh is the non-cuttingpoint H, of smooth round cone shape, adaptecl to follow the deviation of the saidcana], with a stock or body, A, snbstantially as described.

2. In a tiental instrument, the combination of a coneshaped seraper, E, consisting of a series of spiral leaves, E, provided with sharp seraping-edges, and grooves Eflwhich gradua-lly beeome smaller and assume a longitudinal direetion as they approach the end of the head E, and are adaptd to smoothly scrape out and enlarge a canal alrcady existing, and which terminate in an elongatecl reamer, H H, at the extremity of which is the non-cutting point H, of smooth round cone shape,

adapted to follow the deviation of the said canal, with a flexible neck or stem, D,and stock, A, substantially as set forth.

3. In a dental instrnment, the combination of a cone-shapecl scraper, E, consisting of a series of spiral leaVes, E, provided with sharp scraping-edges, and grooves E,which gradually become smaller and assnme a longitudina1 direction as they-approach the end of the head E, and are adapted to smoothly scrape out and enlarge a eanalalready existing, and which terminate in an elongatecl reamer, H H, at the extremity of which is the noncntting point H, of smooth ronnd cone shape,

' adaptedto follow the deviation of the said canal, and of a flexible neok or stem, D, with a stock or body, A, provided with a shank, B, substantially as and fox the pnrpose set forth.

J. GARDNER MOREY.

W'itnesses:

J. ODELL FOWLER, J r., RICHARD S. TREACY. 

